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①科技的快速进步使得服务的可贸易性得到不断提升,从而衍生出大量更为复杂、品质更高的服务,生产并出口这些服务必然会对经济增长和技术进步产生明显的促进作用,因此成为各国特别是发展中国家促进本国经济增长的一条独特途径。

①其中,PRODYi为服务产品i的技术复杂度指数,sic是国家c的服务产品i的出口占该国服务出口总额的比重,Yc为国家c的人均收入水平,通常以实际人均GDP来表示。

①联合国贸发会议统计数据库(UNCTAD Statistics)中对服务贸易项的分类主要包括运输、旅游、通信服务、建筑服务、保险服务、金融服务、计算机和信息服务、专利和特许费、其他商业服务、个人文化和娱乐服务、政府服务共11类。由于我们主要关注的是商业服务,因此剔除了政府服务而采取了余下10类分项。

②这58个国家(地区)分别是:Argentina、Australia、Austria、Belgium、Brazil、Canada、Chile、China、Hong Kong、Columbia、Cyprus、Czech Republic、Denmark、Dominican Republic、Egypt、Finland、France、Germany、Greece、Hungary、Iceland、India、Indonesia、Ireland、Israel、Italia、Jamaica、Japan、Kenya、Korea、Luxembourg、Malaysia、Mexico、Morocco、Netherlands、New Zealand、Nigeria、Norway、Pakistan、Panama、Philippines、Poland、Portugal、Romania、Russian Federation、Saudi Arabia、Singapore、South Africa、Spain、Sweden、Switzerland、Thailand、Tunisia、Turkey、United Kingdom、United States、Venezuela.

③公路基础设施与铁路基础设施对服务出口品质的作用可参考下述回归结果。

①在动态面板数据回归中,由于人力资本数据缺失的原因,加入滞后项后样本量过少,造成回归结果并不稳定健,因此在回归中删去人力资本变量。

②除了表4中对公路质量方程进行回归时,用HM方法计算得到的总体市场潜力的回归系数为负,但用RV方法计算得到的总体市场潜力的回归系数为正。

①在动态面板数据回归中,由于人力资本数据缺失的原因,因此造成回归结果并不稳定健,因此在回归中删去人力资本变量。